art history

Lindisfarne Gospels: St. Matthew, cross-carpet page; St. Luke portrait page; St. Luke incipit page. Early medieval (Hiberno Saxon) Europe. c. 700 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (ink, pigments, and gold on vellum). CROSS INSCRIBED CARPET PAGE; PRODUCED IN A NORTHUMBRIAN MONASTERY ON LINDISFARNE ISLAND; FUSION OF CHRISTIAN IMAGERY AND STYLE OF NORTHERN WARLORDS BOOK CONTAINS SEVERAL ORNAMENTAL PAGES AND EXEMPLIFIES HIBERNO-SAXON ART; INTRICATE PATTERNING AND DETAIL; SERPENTINE INTERLACEMENTS OF FANTASTIC ANIMALS DEVOUR EACHOTHER, CURLING OVER AND OVER  RHYTHM OF OF EXPANDING AND CONTRACTIG FORMS PRODUCES A VIVID EFFECT OF MOTION AND CHANGE  DOMINATING MOTIF OF THE CROSS STABILIZES THE RHYTHMS OF THE SERPENTS AND IN CONTRAST, HEIGHTENS THE EFFECTS OF THE MOTION  MOTIFS W DETAILED SYMMETRIES; WITH INVERSIONS, REVERSALS AND REPETITIONS THAT THE VIEWER MUST STUDY CLOSELY IN ORDER TO APPRECIATE NOT ONLY THEIR VARIETY BUT ALSO THEIR MAZELIKE COMPLEXITY; VIBRATES W ENERG...

DeStijl (1916-1925) Dutch Completely abstract Black lines shape rectangular spaces Only the primary colors are used Diagonal lines forbidden  Harlem Renaissance (1930s) African Americans migrated in great numbers to Harlem, New York City Movement began after World War I Themes include racial pride, civil rights, and the influence of slavery on modern culture Mexican Muralists (1917-1930s) Training in Fresco painting Large murals  Promoted political/social messages Promote to labor and struggle of working classes Socialist agenda 

Fauvism (1905) Debut in Paris  Inspired by Post-Impressionism  Stressed broad flat areas of violently contrasting color  Died out in 1908  Color harmonies suppressed so expressive effects could be maximized Expressionism (1905-1930) Inspired by Fauvism  Germany, Dresden  Formed by Art Group known as The Bridge (considered themselves a bridge from traditional to modern painting)  Began to forsake representational art; abstraction  Highly intellectual; saw abstraction as a way of conceiving the natural world  Cubism (1911) Created by Pablo Picasso Influenced by simple geometries of African masks  Breaks down human form into angles and shapes Looking at the human figure multiple sides at once  Shaded to simulate depth  Jagged edges, sharp faces to a curvilinear and flowing style 

Fauvism (c. 1905) Expressionism (1905-1930s) Cubism (1907-1930s) Futurism (1909-1914) Suprematism (1913-1920s) Constructivism (1914-1920s) Dada (1916-1925) DeStijl (1917-1930s) Bauhaus (1919-1933) Precisionism (1920s) Surrealism (1924-1930s) Art Deco (1920-1930s) Organic Art (1920s-1930s) Depression Era (1930s) Abstract Expressionism (40s-50s) Pop Art (55-60s) Color Field Painting (60s) Conceptual Art (60s) Performance Art (60s) Op Art (60s) Minimalism (60s) Site/Environmental Art (70s-90s) Feminist Art (70s- present) Postmodernism (75- present) Video/Computer/Digital Art (contemporary)

Time Period: 1872-1880 Painters worked in plein-air; artificial atmosphere inhibited artistic expression; artists moved out to capture the effects of atmosphere and light  Relied on the transient, the quick, and the fleeting  Impressionist brushstrokes seek to capture the effects of light  Times of day and seasons affect the appearance of objects  Spectacular color range; stark contrasts to subtle harmonies  Concentrate on landscape and still life painting  Influence of Japanese art; imitated flatness; compositional qualities Anti academic and antibourgeois  Monet most important figure

The Annunciation: The angel Gabriel visits Mary to announce to her that she will be the mother of God. At this moment, Jesus Christ miraculously conceived, and God is made flesh and blood.  The Nativity: Mary gave birth to Christ in a stable while the animals watched. In works of art, Joseph, Mary’s husband, often sits off to the side and sleeps. Adoration of the Magi: Three Magi (by tradition, kings from the East), follow a miraculous star that leads them to Christ, who has just been born in a stable. The Magi offer gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh (both are aromatic tree resins), and worship the infant Christ. The Last Supper: Christ ate dinner with his apostles and encouraged them to eat bread and drink wine in remembrance of him. He also told the apostles that one of them would betray him. Kiss of Judas: Judas, who has been paid 30 pieces of silver to betray Christ’s whereabouts to the Roman authorities, leads them to him, and identifies him with a kiss (or an embra...

Object (Le Déjeuner en fourrure) . Meret Oppenheim. 1936 C.E. Furcovered cup, saucer, and Spoon. Gazelle fur.  Oppenheim’s Object was created at a moment when sculpted objects and assemblages had become prominent features of Surrealist art practice.  Fetishistic qualities of the fur-lined set—as the fur imbues these functional, hand-held objects with sexual connotations.  Object insists we imagine what sipping warm tea from this cup feels like, how the bristles would feel upon our lips.  With Oppenheim’s elegant creation, how we understand those visceral memories, how we create metaphors and symbols out of this act of tactile extension. Provides feminine and masculine symbols